Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the practice of using code to manage and provision infrastructure resources, such as servers, networks, and storage. IaC aims to improve the efficiency and consistency of infrastructure management, reduce manual error-prone processes, and increase collaboration between development and operations teams. Popular IaC tools include Terraform, CloudFormation, and Ansible. Click here Big data refers to the large and complex data sets that are too difficult to process using traditional data processing techniques. Big data is characterized by the 3 Vs: volume, variety, and velocity. Big data is used in many applications, such as marketing analytics, fraud detection, and recommendation systems. Popular big data frameworks include Hadoop, Spark, and Kafka.